Toasts are lightweight notifications designed to mimic the push notifications that have been popularized by mobile and desktop operating systems. They're built with flexbox, so they're easy to align and position.
Overview#
Things to know when using the toast plugin:
- Toasts are opt-in for performance reasons, so you must initialize them yourself.
- Toasts will automatically hide if you do not specify
autohide: false
.
{ {< callout info >} } { {< partial "callouts/info-prefersreducedmotion.md" >} } { {< /callout >} }
Examples#
Basic#
To encourage extensible and predictable toasts, we recommend a header and body.
Toast headers use display: flex
, allowing easy alignment of content thanks to
our margin and flexbox utilities.
Toasts are as flexible as you need and have very little required markup. At a minimum, we require a single element to contain your "toasted" content and strongly encourage a dismiss button.
{ {< example >} }
{ {< /example >} }
{ {< callout warning >} }
Previously, our scripts dynamically added the .hide
class to completely hide a
toast (with display:none
, rather than just with opacity:0
). This is now not
necessary anymore. However, for backwards compatibility, our script will
continue to toggle the class (even though there is no practical need for it)
until the next major version.
{ {< /callout >} }
Live example#
Click the button below to show a toast (positioned with our utilities in the lower right corner) that has been hidden by default.
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="liveToastBtn">Show live toast</button>
<div class="toast-container position-fixed bottom-0 end-0 p-3">
<div id="liveToast" class="toast" role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true">
<div class="toast-header">
<img src="..." class="rounded me-2" alt="...">
<strong class="me-auto">Bootstrap</strong>
<small>11 mins ago</small>
<button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="toast" aria-label="Close"></button>
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
Hello, world! This is a toast message.
</div>
</div>
</div>
We use the following JavaScript to trigger our live toast demo:
{ {< js-docs name="live-toast" file="site/assets/js/partials/snippets.js" >} }
Translucent#
Toasts are slightly translucent to blend in with what's below them.
{ {< example class="bg-dark" >} }
{ {< /example >} }
Stacking#
You can stack toasts by wrapping them in a toast container, which will vertically add some spacing.
{ {< example >} }
{ {< /example >} }
Custom content#
Customize your toasts by removing sub-components, tweaking them
with utilities, or by adding your own
markup. Here we've created a simpler toast by removing the default
.toast-header
, adding a custom hide icon from Bootstrap Icons, and using some flexbox utilities to adjust the layout.
{ {< example >} }
{ {< /example >} }
Alternatively, you can also add additional controls and components to toasts.
{ {< example >} }
{ {< /example >} }
Color schemes#
Building on the above example, you can create different toast color schemes with
our color and background utilities. Here we've added .text-bg-primary
to
the .toast
, and then added .btn-close-white
to our close button. For a crisp
edge, we remove the default border with .border-0
.
{ {< example >} }
{ {< /example >} }
Placement#
Place toasts with custom CSS as you need them. The top right is often used for
notifications, as is the top middle. If you're only ever going to show one toast
at a time, put the positioning styles right on the .toast
.
{ {< example stackblitz_add_js="true" >} }
{ {< /example >} }
For systems that generate more notifications, consider using a wrapping element so they can easily stack.
{ {< example class="bd-example-toasts p-0" >} }
{ {< /example >} }
You can also get fancy with flexbox utilities to align toasts horizontally and/or vertically.
{ {< example class="bd-example-toasts d-flex" >} }
{ {< /example >} }
Accessibility#
Toasts are intended to be small interruptions to your visitors or users, so to
help those with screen readers and similar assistive technologies, you should
wrap your toasts in an
aria-live
region.
Changes to live regions (such as injecting/updating a toast component) are
automatically announced by screen readers without needing to move the user's
focus or otherwise interrupt the user. Additionally, include
aria-atomic="true"
to ensure that the entire toast is always announced as a
single (atomic) unit, rather than just announcing what was changed (which could
lead to problems if you only update part of the toast's content, or if
displaying the same toast content at a later point in time). If the information
needed is important for the process, e.g. for a list of errors in a form, then
use the alert component instead of
toast.
Note that the live region needs to be present in the markup before the toast is generated or updated. If you dynamically generate both at the same time and inject them into the page, they will generally not be announced by assistive technologies.
You also need to adapt the role
and aria-live
level depending on the
content. If it's an important message like an error, use
role="alert" aria-live="assertive"
, otherwise use
role="status" aria-live="polite"
attributes.
As the content you're displaying changes, be sure to update the
delay
timeout so that users have enough time to read the toast.
<div class="toast" role="alert" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true" data-bs-delay="10000">
<div role="alert" aria-live="assertive" aria-atomic="true">...</div>
</div>
When using autohide: false
, you must add a close button to allow users to
dismiss the toast.
{ {< example >} }
{ {< /example >} }
While technically it's possible to add focusable/actionable controls (such as
additional buttons or links) in your toast, you should avoid doing this for
autohiding toasts. Even if you give the toast a long
delay
timeout, keyboard and assistive technology users may find it
difficult to reach the toast in time to take action (since toasts don't receive
focus when they are displayed). If you absolutely must have further controls, we
recommend using a toast with autohide: false
.
CSS#
Variables#
{ {< added-in "5.2.0" >} }
As part of Bootstrap's evolving CSS variables approach, toasts now use local CSS
variables on .toast
for enhanced real-time customization. Values for the CSS
variables are set via Sass, so Sass customization is still supported, too.
{ {< scss-docs name="toast-css-vars" file="scss/_toasts.scss" >} }
Sass variables#
{ {< scss-docs name="toast-variables" file="scss/_variables.scss" >} }
Usage#
Initialize toasts via JavaScript:
const toastElList = document.querySelectorAll('.toast')
const toastList = [...toastElList].map(toastEl => new bootstrap.Toast(toastEl, option))
Triggers#
{ { % js-dismiss "toast" % } }
Options#
{ {< markdown >} } { {< partial "js-data-attributes.md" >} } { {< /markdown >} }
{ {< bs-table "table" >} }
| Name | Type | Default | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| animation
| boolean | true
| Apply a CSS fade transition to the toast. |
| autohide
| boolean | true
| Automatically hide the toast after the
delay. |
| delay
| number | 5000
| Delay in milliseconds before hiding the toast. |
{ {< /bs-table >} }
Methods#
{ {< callout danger >} } { {< partial "callouts/danger-async-methods.md" >} } { {< /callout >} }
{ {< bs-table "table" >} }
| Method | Description |
| --- | --- |
| dispose
| Hides an element's toast. Your toast will remain on the DOM but
won't show anymore. |
| getInstance
| Static method which allows you to get the toast instance
associated with a DOM element.
For example:
const myToastEl = document.getElementById('myToastEl')
const myToast = bootstrap.Toast.getInstance(myToastEl)
Returns a Bootstrap
toast instance. |
| getOrCreateInstance
| Static method which allows you to get the toast
instance associated with a DOM element, or create a new one, in case it wasn't
initialized. const myToastEl = document.getElementById('myToastEl')
const myToast = bootstrap.Toast.getOrCreateInstance(myToastEl)
Returns a
Bootstrap toast instance. |
| hide
| Hides an element's toast. Returns to the caller before the toast
has actually been hidden (i.e. before the hidden.bs.toast
event occurs). You
have to manually call this method if you made autohide
to false
. |
| isShown
| Returns a boolean according to toast's visibility state. |
| show
| Reveals an element's toast. Returns to the caller before the toast
has actually been shown (i.e. before the shown.bs.toast
event occurs). You
have to manually call this method, instead your toast won't show. |
{ {< /bs-table >} }
Events#
{ {< bs-table "table" >} }
| Event | Description |
| --- | --- |
| hide.bs.toast
| This event is fired immediately when the hide
instance
method has been called. |
| hidden.bs.toast
| This event is fired when the toast has finished being
hidden from the user. |
| show.bs.toast
| This event fires immediately when the show
instance method
is called. |
| shown.bs.toast
| This event is fired when the toast has been made visible to
the user. |
{ {< /bs-table >} }
const myToastEl = document.getElementById('myToast')
myToastEl.addEventListener('hidden.bs.toast', () => {
// do something...
})